Learning is a process through which human beings acquire or modify their abilities, skills, knowledge or behaviors. It seems like it is a simple process but it is colored by previous aspects such as anticipation , eye contact , sustained attention , motivation ...
You will have heard on many occasions that people talk about Meaningful Learning . It is learning that is integrated and modified, maintained over time and that has a lot to do with an aspect that occurs within the same process: generalization . Generalization is the ability to transfer that learning to other environments, other people, other objects... for us it is the unequivocal sign that this learning has been internalized by the child and modifies his steps in his orientation towards life and his environment.
En la metodología ABA este proceso de generalización tiene un gran peso por que es lo que hace avanzar en la escalera evolutiva y es el punto final del aprendizaje de cualquier habilidad, destreza, conocimiento o conducta.
Cuando se programa bajo un prisma ABA se generalizan:
- Environments: as the main spaces of intervention in a child's life we will have: to. Home b. The school But we can also make interventions in other environments that surround the child and that will test the consistency of his learning: the park, the supermarket, at school, in the shoe store... The child is given tools so that all the learning and all the behavioral control remains the same in each environment in which it participates.
- Espacios: imaginemos dentro de cada uno de esos ambientes que mencionamos los espacios y en consecuencia las diferentes actividades dentro de cada espacio dentro de, por ejemplo: una casa… trabajar en la habitación, en la cocina, en la habitación de los padres, en el pasillo, en el salón…
- People: that the child is able to respond equally to anyone in his environment, his mother, his father, his siblings, teacher, grandparent... anyone in his environment.
- Formats: all kinds of generalizations are also made regarding materials: we find, for example, work on 3D, 2D or book material. We also work with real image format, drawn image, abstract or graphically.
- Arrangements: How different is a skill sitting at a table, standing, or sitting on the floor. All this variability gives the child the opportunity to maintain these learnings in whatever environment they are in.
La generalización es el examen más difícil para un niño “típico” imaginemos el esfuerzo de inhibición de estímulos, de habilidad de adaptación, de control de transiciones y de motivación hacia la actividad que tienen que intervenir en cada uno de estos procesos.
Tell us how your children handle all these aspects, we are sure that by analyzing them you will be able to diagnose difficulties, strengths and other attack points in direct intervention in their generalization of skills!!
Cristina Oroz Bajo
