Seguimos con este fascinante mundo de las Dislalias, este trastornos del lenguaje tan presente en nuestros niños. Nos gustaría antes de entrar en detalle a los tipos de dislalias aclarar un tipo de dislalia evolutiva que es muy común en esta etapa de adquisición del lenguaje y que se distingue claramente de los tipos de dislalias que representan un trastorno y requieren un tratamiento especializado.
La dislalia infantil evolutiva es la que tiene lugar en la fase de desarrollo del lenguaje infantil, en la que el niño no es capaz de repetir por imitación las palabras que escucha y lo hace de forma incorrecta desde el punto de vista fonético. Tiene varias fases dentro del desarrollo del lenguaje del niño y finalmente termina cuando el niño aprende a pronunciar correctamente todos los fonemas. Se caracteriza por ciertas dificultades en la adquisición del lenguaje del niño dentro de las etapas del desarrollo. Estas dificultades suelen superarse antes de los cuatro o cinco años, si no ocurre esto es probable que sea otra causa la que produce la dislalia más que un simple retraso y nos encontremos ante alguna de las dislalias siguientes.
Childhood Dyslalia as a language disorder presents very varied types among which we distinguish: functional, organic and audiogenic dyslalias.
1. La dislalia funcional: Se diferencia del resto de los tipos de dislalias porque el niño muestra una incapacidad funcional, sin poder explicar las alteraciones que muestra en el habla por alguna causa orgánica. Esta alteración puede afectar a la discriminación auditiva, lo que supone una alteración en la percepción de los fonemas (trastorno fonológico o dislalia fonológica); o a la coordinación motriz, lo que supone un problema en la producción (trastorno fonético o dislalia fonética).
It is the most common and is characterized by poor functioning of the articulatory organs. The child does not know or incorrectly performs the point and mode of articulation of the phoneme. He does not know how to vibrate his tongue to pronounce the RR correctly, and he usually replaces S with Z , or R with D because he is not able to make his tongue vibrate.
2. Organic dyslalia: causes the child to have difficulties articulating certain phonemes due to organic problems. It occurs in children when they present alterations in the brain neurons , when they have some malformation or anomalies in the organs of the speech apparatus . This type of dyslalia causes a difficulty in language, which focuses on specific phonemes .
3. Audiogenic dyslalia: it is characterized by difficulties caused by hearing problems . The child feels unable to pronounce the phonemes correctly because he or she does not hear well. In some cases, it is necessary for children to use prostheses.
Dyslalia is a language disorder that is relatively easily diagnosed in a child. When a child over 4 years old mispronounces words, not achieving correct articulation of the syllables, the child's family and educational environment easily notices it.
At first, many will try to help you, correcting your speech. However, without targeted and specialized treatment, it is very difficult to solve the problem at home. Childhood dyslalia is usually detected in the child's first years, and although it is not serious, it is advisable to correct it as soon as possible, to avoid behavioral and behavioral problems in children.
An early diagnosis of this difficulty in the child's speech is extremely important because, very often, other children laugh at the defect in articulation or pronunciation, and imitate, in a ridiculous and mocking way, the way of speaking of the child with dyslalias.
This can aggravate the child's problem, causing personality disorders, insecurity, low self-esteem , communication problems with their environment, and other difficulties that can alter their school learning .
Cristina Oroz Bajo
One Response
Gracias por compartir información tan valiosa.